The septic system is a natural method of treatment and disposal of household wastes for those homeowners who are not part of a municipal sewage system.
A septic system works by allowing waste water to separate into layers and begin the process of decomposition while being contained within the septic tank. Bacteria, which are naturally present in all septic systems, begin to digest the solids that have settled to the bottom of the tank, transforming up to 50 percent of these solids into liquids and gases. When liquids within the tank rise to the level of the outflow pipe, they enter the drainage system. This outflow, or effluent, is then distributed throughout the drain field through a series of subsurface pipes. Final treatment of the effluent occurs here as the soil absorbs and filters the liquid and microbes break down the rest of the waste into harmless material.
Use the links below to find more information about septic tanks:
Septic System Information from UMD
Septic Records and Maintenance Guidelines from UNIV of MD (PDF file)
